测试开发技术网站

[【原文链接】基于Kubernetes平台部署Prometheus](http://devops-dev.com/article/375)

[TOC]
# 一、编写配置文件
## 1.1 编写 prometheus-rbac.yml 配置文件
编写配置文件如下
```bash
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources:
  - nodes
  - nodes/proxy
  - services
  - endpoints
  - pods
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups:
  - extensions
  resources:
  - ingresses
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
  verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: logging
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: prometheus
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: prometheus
  namespace: logging
```
配置文件修改注意点：
（1）这里只需要修改一下namespace即可，比如这里修改为与grafana使用同一个namespace，即logging
## 1.2 编写 prometheus-node-exporter.yml 配置文件
编写配置文件如下：
```bash
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: node-exporter
  namespace: logging
spec:
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: node-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: node-exporter
        app: node-exporter
    spec:
      containers:
      - args:
        - --path.procfs=/host/proc
        - --path.sysfs=/host/sys
        - --web.listen-address=0.0.0.0:9100
        image: quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        livenessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 9100
            scheme: HTTP
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 1
        name: node-exporter
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9100
          hostPort: 9100
          name: metrics
          protocol: TCP
        readinessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 9100
            scheme: HTTP
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 1
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 60m
            memory: 50Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 60m
            memory: 50Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /host/proc
          name: proc
          readOnly: true
        - mountPath: /host/sys
          name: sys
          readOnly: true
      hostNetwork: true
      hostPID: true
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      securityContext:
        fsGroup: 65534
        runAsGroup: 65534
        runAsNonRoot: true
        runAsUser: 65534
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      tolerations:
      - effect: NoSchedule
        key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
      volumes:
      - hostPath:
          path: /proc
          type: ""
        name: proc
      - hostPath:
          path: /sys
          type: ""
        name: sys
  updateStrategy:
    rollingUpdate:
      maxUnavailable: 1
    type: RollingUpdate
	
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: node-exporter
  namespace: logging
  labels:
    app: node-exporter
  annotations:
    prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
spec:
  selector:
    app: node-exporter
  ports:
  - name: node-exporter
    port: 9100
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 9100
  clusterIP: None

```
配置文件修改注意点：
（1）这里只需要修改一下namespace即可，比如这里修改为与grafana使用同一个namespace，即logging

## 1.3 编写prometheus-configmap.yml配置文件
编写文件如下：
```bash
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-config
  namespace: logging
data:
  prometheus.yml: |
    global:
      scrape_interval:     15s
      evaluation_interval: 15s
    scrape_configs:
    
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
        action: keep
        regex: default;kubernetes;https
    
    - job_name: 'kubernetes-nodes'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics

- job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor

- job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
        action: replace
        target_label: __scheme__
        regex: (https?)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        target_label: __address__
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_name

- job_name: 'kubernetes-services'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: service
      metrics_path: /probe
      params:
        module: [http_2xx]
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        target_label: kubernetes_name

- job_name: 'kubernetes-ingresses'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: ingress
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
        regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
        replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
        target_label: kubernetes_name

- job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: pod
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
        target_label: __address__
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_pod_name

```
配置文件修改注意点：
（1）这里只需要修改一下namespace即可，比如这里修改为与grafana使用同一个namespace，即logging
## 1.4 编写prometheus-deploy.yml配置文件
编写文件如下
```bash
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    name: prometheus-deployment
  name: prometheus
  namespace: logging
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: quay.io/prometheus/prometheus
        livenessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          httpGet:
            path: /-/healthy
            port: 9090
            scheme: HTTP
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 1
        readinessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          httpGet:
            path: /-/healthy
            port: 9090
            scheme: HTTP
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 1
        name: prometheus
        command:
        - "/bin/prometheus"
        args:
        - "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
        - "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus"
        - "--storage.tsdb.retention=24h"
        - "--web.enable-lifecycle"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/prometheus"
          name: data
        - mountPath: "/etc/prometheus"
          name: config-volume
#        resources:
#          requests:
#            cpu: 100m
#            memory: 100Mi
#          limits:
#            cpu: 500m
#            memory: 2500Mi
      serviceAccountName: prometheus
      volumes:
      - name: data
        emptyDir: {}
      - name: config-volume
        configMap:
          name: prometheus-config

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    app: prometheus
  name: prometheus
  namespace: logging
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 9090
    targetPort: 9090
    nodePort: 30202
  selector:
    app: prometheus

```
配置文件修改注意点：
（1）这里只需要修改一下namespace即可，比如这里修改为与grafana使用同一个namespace，即logging
（2）修改对外开放的端口，修改为规划端口
![](https://redrose2100.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/img/1eb1e5f6-49fc-11ed-a97a-0242ac110002.png)
（3）其他配置均无需修改

# 二、部署Prometheus
## 2.1 部署Prometheus
执行如下命令部署应用
```bash
kubectl apply -f ./
```
## 2.2 验证Prometheus
首先在kubernetes后台验证Pod均已正常启动
```bash
kubectl get pod -n logging
```
如下，都为running表示部署OK
![](https://redrose2100.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/img/3be23310-49fc-11ed-a97a-0242ac110002.png)

浏览器通过ip:port 访问，如下表示安装已经OK了
![](https://redrose2100.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/img/47aca914-49fc-11ed-a97a-0242ac110002.png)

测试开发技术网站

博客